<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisca   Mendoza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martha   Gaeta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virginia   Sedeño</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PROMOTING BASIC COGNITIVE SKILLS THROUGH CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED STRATEGIES IN A PHYSIOLOGY COURSE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">basic knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cognitive skills</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">problem based learning</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1420054144.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">54</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">One of the main purposes of education today is to develop student’s ability to think in a systemic, analytical and logical manner to become self-directed, critical thinkers. Hence, students need to be efficient in one or more basic cognitive skills (BCS), since they are the foundational skills for the continued growth of these and other intellectual higher level abilities. According to constructivist theorists, the development of students’ deep conceptual understanding takes place when they are engaged in learning tasks that explicitly makes them aware of their BCS, based on students’ previous knowledge and matter content. From this perspective, teachers can promote BCS in the classroom through the design of constructivist-based strategies. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to examine how the BCS of analysis and synthesis are attained in a university physiology course, examining differences in two groups of students from different classes using different learning methods: problem-based learning (PBL) and PBL plus diagrams. A self-report questionnaire was designed for this purpose. A knowledge exam was also applied to both groups at the end of the intervention to evaluate students’ basic knowledge attainment. Results indicate that there were no significant differences between the two groups in their BCS acquisition. Exam scores were not different between groups either. However, a significant relationship between BCS and basic knowledge attainment was found. Results are discussed in more detail within the document.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">53-59</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudgasame   Jantaraweragul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noy   S. Kay</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANALYTICAL STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE PREFERENCE USING THE PEDAGOGICAL EPISTEMOLOGY OF EDUCATION FRAMEWORK OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, AND PERFORMATIVE KNOWING  AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THAILAND</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Problems of Education in the 21st Century</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">basic knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological matrices</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pedagogical epistemology of education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">performative knowing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November/2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oaji.net/articles/2014/457-1413729059.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The basic research dilemma of the present study relates to the assumption that every individual can learn, not based on a personal innate intelligence but what and how a person learns to acquire intelligence. The investigation involved developing an instrument to detect the trait of basic knowledge through knowing factors that form a student’s knowledge preference. Furthermore, the study attempted to analyze the association between knowledge preference and the student’s nurturing culture and environmental influential factors. The assessment of tacit knowledge is to gain information that has been influent student’s learning formally or informally. Student early characteristics of the knowledge learning preference can be derived from different sources of knowing, for instance, the biological heredity procession in family, language, thinking process, perception, and frames of thought. A test named the Knowledge Preference Test was developed, and it consisted of 50 items. It statistically received a reliability coefficient of 0.91. The study participants included 2 017 secondary school students in Thailand. The study found significant association patterns among knowledge preference, student biological and cultural status, and some areas of student achievement.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50-68</style></section></record></records></xml>